What does trademark dilution refer to?

Trademark dilution specifically refers to the use of a trademark in a manner that diminishes its distinctiveness or harms its reputation, even if there is no direct competition between the products or services involved. This concept is particularly relevant for famous trademarks, whose recognition and unique identity can be undermined by the unauthorized use by others.

In this context, trademark dilution can occur through actions such as using a similar mark on unrelated goods or services, which may lead consumers to associate the diluted mark with something less favorable, thus tarnishing the original trademark's significance and reputation. For example, if a well-known brand is associated with high quality and another unrelated entity uses a similar mark, it can negatively affect the brand's prestige.

The other options do not accurately capture the essence of trademark dilution. The illegal use of a trademark describes infringement, while unintentional infringement usually relates to confusion regarding the source of goods rather than lowering the trademark's significance. Confusing the public about the source of goods relates more to likelihood of confusion and traditional trademark infringement rather than the dilution which focuses on the broader impact on the mark's reputation and distinctiveness.