What was the main issue in the Association for Molecular Pathology vs. Myriad Genetics case?

The central issue in the Association for Molecular Pathology vs. Myriad Genetics case was indeed whether human genes could be patented. This landmark Supreme Court case focused on the legality of patenting naturally occurring human genes, specifically the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes associated with breast and ovarian cancer. The Court held that while Myriad Genetics could patent the methods of isolating these genes or creating synthetic variations, the act of simply isolating a gene that is naturally occurring does not transform it into a patentable invention. This ruling emphasized the legal distinction between natural phenomena and human-made inventions, setting a significant precedent in genetic patenting and biotechnology law.

By focusing on the specific issue of human genes and their patentability, the case sparked discussions about the ethics and implications of gene patents for research, healthcare, and innovation in the field of genetics.