Which of the following best describes "derivative works" in copyright law?

"Derivative works" in copyright law refer to new creations that transform or adapt pre-existing works. This definition captures the essence of what derivative works are—original expressions that are based on an existing work but include sufficient transformation to be considered new. Examples of derivative works include adaptations of novels into films, sequels to existing stories, and translations of literary texts into different languages.

By emphasizing that these works must transform or adapt a pre-existing work, this choice highlights the legal requirement that derivative works contain original expression that differentiates them from the source material, while still being reliant on that original work. This transformation aspect is what grants them their unique status within copyright law compared to other types of creative works.